作者：Aviv Karnieli Shai Tsesses Renwen Yu Nicholas Rivera Ady Arie Ido Kaminer Shanhui Fan
腔量子电动力学（QED）是实现量子传感器、存储器和网络的强大平台，其中量子发射器与电磁腔模式耦合。然而，由于栅极保真度和执行时间之间的基本权衡，以及有限的可扩展性，腔QED用于量子计算的使用被其他架构所取代。在这里，我们将一种新元素引入腔QED——一种自由带电粒子，充当飞行量子位。以自由电子为具体例子，我们证明了我们的方法能够在基于腔QED的架构中实现超快、确定性和通用的离散变量量子计算，并有可能提高可扩展性。我们的建议取决于自由电子和腔极性子之间共振相互作用中的一种新的激发阻断机制。这种非线性相互作用比目前基于光子的腔QED门快几个数量级，具有很宽的调谐范围
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), wherein a quantum emitter is coupled to electromagnetic cavity modes, is a powerful platform for implementing quantum sensors, memories, and networks. However, due to the fundamental tradeoff between gate fidelity and execution time, as well as limited scalability, the use of cavity-QED for quantum computation was overtaken by other architectures. Here, we introduce a new element into cavity-QED – a free charged particle, acting as a flying qubit. Using free electrons as a specific example, we demonstrate that our approach enables ultrafast, deterministic and universal discrete-variable quantum computation in a cavity-QED-based architecture, with potentially improved scalability. Our proposal hinges on a novel excitation blockade mechanism in a resonant interaction between a free-electron and a cavity polariton. This nonlinear interaction is faster by several orders of magnitude with respect to current photon-based cavity-QED gates, enjoys wide tunability and can demonstrate fidelities close to unity. Furthermore, our scheme is ubiquitous to any cavity nonlinearity, either due to light-matter coupling as in the Jaynes-Cummings model or due to photon-photon interactions as in a Kerr-type many-body system. In addition to promising advancements in cavity-QED quantum computation, our approach paves the way towards ultrafast and deterministic generation of highly-entangled photonic graph states and is applicable to other quantum technologies involving cavity-QED.
论文链接：http://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.13275v1
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